The Use of Steroids and Performance Enhancing Drugs in...

I have chosen to write my paper on the topic of steroids and performance enhancing substances that are used today in sports. In this paper I hope to focus on the steroids and performance enhancing drugs and how they have become a problem in sports. An anabolic steroid is a substance that is related to male sex hormones, known as testosterone. The word â€Å"Anabolic† means muscle building. The word â€Å"steroids† is just referred to as a drug name or a class of drug. Some athletes have made the decision that they would like to jump higher, run faster, throw harder and hit 100 home runs. Well, this can be accomplished through hard work, dedication, and practice can’t it? Some athletes feel the need to take a shortcut to being the best, so†¦show more content†¦An example of this is that a study was done at a private treatment center for dependence, 227 men admitted of using heroin or other opioids. (Pope and Katz, 1988). Today, not only athletes but also others abuse anabolic steroids to enhance their performance and for the non-athletes they want to improve their physical appearance. The majority of steroids are taken through injection by a needle; done so in cycles of weeks or months, this is also called â€Å"cycling† these individuals who are engaging in steroid use are putting themselves at risk for HIV/AIDS or hepatitis, which can cause serious damage to the liver. â€Å"Cycling† is taking multiple doses of steroids over a certain period of time, which includes stopping and starting again. Users also do a thing called â€Å"stacking† which is simply combining several types of steroids to maximize their effectiveness while minimizing negative effects. An article done by ESPN states that, â€Å" There should be no controversy over anabolic steroid use in athletes—non-medical use of anabolic steroids is illegal and banned by most, if not all, major sports organizations.† Why don’t we drug test the athletes if steroid use is illegal? Coakley states that, â€Å"Drug testing is needed to protect the health of athletes and to relieve athletes of the pressures they feel to take potentially dangerous substances to keep upShow MoreRelatedWhy Performance Enhancement Drugs Use Essay1142 Words   |  5 PagesWhy are performance enhancement drugs use in professional sports? The use of steroids has been a major problem among sports and has caused lots of controversy. Although these professional sports organizations such as the NFL, NHL, NBA and several others have spent time and money investigating athletes for uses of performance enhancement drugs, nothing has been done to erase records or record breaking statistics . In order to cease steroid and other performance enhancement drug users from cheatingRead MoreEssay about Steroids in Sports: Right or Wrong?947 Words   |  4 PagesSteroids in Sports, Right or Wrong? â€Å"We have to make some radical move to get the attention of everyone. Cheaters cant win and steroids have put us in the position that its OK to cheat.† (Lou Brock). Steroids in professional sports has became a major issue and has yet to be justified. Steroids boost the intensity of the game and provide the athletes with more agility and skill to play the game, but should it be fair to allow them? This would give some players an advantage in their sport overRead MoreAnabolic Steroid Use in Sports Summary1493 Words   |  6 PagesAnabolic Steroid use in Sports The competitive drive to win at all cost is fierce among athletes. Winning at all cost often includes using one of many performance enhancing drugs such as anabolic steroids. Many athletes use performance enhancing drugs, like steroids, to achieve higher goals and set higher records than other drug-free successful athletes. Although athletes are performing at higher levels when using such drugs, what is the cost? Finally anabolic steroids should remain bannedRead MoreSteroids and Our World758 Words   |  3 PagesAnabolic steroids are synthetic steroid hormones made to resemble testosterone. These drugs are not the only performance enhancing drugs (PED’s) out there. Some are not even steroids, such as: creatine, tamoxifen, propranolol, cox-2, albuterol, ephedrine, and erythpoietin. These performance enhancing drugs may be boosting the skill level in an athlete’s career, but it is doing no good to the health of the athlete himself. Multiple sports are having re ports of athletes using PED’s including baseballRead MoreEssay about Consequences of Performance Enhancing Drugs1509 Words   |  7 PagesNegative Effects to Performance Enhancing Drugs At the age of 21 Rob Garibaldi committed suicide and it is believed to be from his consumption of performance enhancing drugs. As a young boy, Rob started to play little league, trying to match his favorite sport hero, and dreaming to make it to the baseball major leagues. Prior to high school, Rob was getting pushed by his coaches he had and scouts start to follow him to have him take supplements and more things that will help him gain weight compoundsRead MoreThe Legalization Of Steroids Should Be Beneficial For The World Of Sport1226 Words   |  5 PagesSteroids seem to to be having a negative view for much of history. Steroids are drugs used by athletes to become stronger and achieve a strong physique. Steroids are illegal and are strongly discouraged to be used and may be seen first expressed during high school with the introduction of organized sport teams. The perspective against the legalization of steroids believes in the many benefits of legalization. The perspective for the legalization of steroid expresses the harmful effects of steroidsRead MorePED in Sports Essay1644 Words   |  7 Pages PED in Sports Performance enhancing drugs have been a longstanding problem in sports. It not only deteriorates the honesty of the game, but also can have broader social affects that one may not even realize. The use of performance enhancing drugs is especially apparent in Major League Baseball. This problem can be traced back to the 1980’s when baseball was facing one of its first â€Å"dark periods†. During the 1980’s Major League Baseball was experiencing a home run drought. Home run totals wereRead MoreSteroid Use in Sports1732 Words   |  7 Pagesten to fifteen percent of professional athletes use illegal steroids which are also known as performance enhancing drugs. These substances which are banned in professional sports aren’t just any type of steroid or drug. They are called anabolic steroids or performance enhancing drugs, and they are synthetically produced substances of male testosterone hormones. The use of these illegal steroids has garnered a lot of publ icity within the world of sports over the past few years. As athletes continueRead MorePerformance-Enhancing Drugs in Sports1078 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Performance-enhancing drugs in sports: A literature review A number of prominent athletes have recently experienced a fall from grace, because of the revelation that they used performance-enhancing drugs. Perhaps the most famous example of this phenomenon is Lance Armstrong. In an advertisement for Nike that his former sponsor now no doubt regrets, Armstrong is shown asking the viewer what am I on? Im on my bike, busting my ass six hours a day. Professional cycling is often cited as one ofRead MoreEssay Steroid Legalization Rebuttal811 Words   |  4 Pageslegalize steroids in professional sports† written by Chris Smith of Forbes Magazine argues that to level the playing field of professional sports it would be beneficial to legalize the use of performance enhancing drugs. Mr. Smith’s ideals that professional sports would be a fairer, more entertaining version of itself if performance enhancing drugs were legal, is an incredibly irresponsible and impudent declaration. Mr. Smith states â€Å"The primary reason why performance enhancing drugs (PEDs) are

Terrorism And Its Effects On The World War II - 1345 Words

These events seemed tragic at the time, but they were the chain of circumstances that turned World War Two around and led to the defeat of the Axis Powers. Although the Soviet Union was on the brink of defeat, the overextended Germans could not sustain the level of fighting and were driven west. At the same time, the U.S. determined the only way to victory was via a swift, harsh military response. This came in the form of the attack on Normandy, bombings of German infrastructure, operations in North Africa and Italy, island hopping, and ultimately, nuclear warfare. It was a combined effort that brought World War Two to an end. These operations demonstrate the way to end tyranny is with a thought out plan of attack, teamwork, and prompt, committed action. Modernly, this sort of depravity is taking the form of what is called terrorism. Terrorism has been defined as â€Å"actual or threatened use of violence, directed by groups or individuals against noncombatants, to achieve political ends through intimidation† (â€Å"Terrorism† par. 1). Though terrorism was occurring before September 11th, 2001, that is when it became real for Americans. The attacks on 9/11 by a terrorist organization known as Al Qaeda included attempts to cripple the U.S. economically, politically, and militarily. They did this by flying commercial airlines into the World Trade Center (Twin Towers), the White House, and the Pentagon. The only part of this operation that failed was the attack on the WhiteShow MoreRelatedWar On Terror And Terrorism1300 Words   |  6 PagesWar on Terror After the incident of September 11, 2001, War on Terror became a serious problem. That attack made huge effects on U.S government and many other countries. Many innocent people lost their lives because of those terrorists. No one knows if an incident like the one on September 11 will happen again, but we have to know that â€Å"we are the primary target†. According to Patrick Coaty’s â€Å"War on Terror,† the terrorism has been developed throughout history. So that people should know to fightRead MoreCyber Terrorism And Threats Of Information System1688 Words   |  7 PagesCyber-Terrorism and Threats to Information System National security has been top priority of the United States after World War II. This is due to the fact that the United States before this time was relatively an isolationist country with no influence in the world. As a result national security was not important, this changed post World War II. The United States found themselves among the top, overnight they went from being new and not listened to, to becoming one of the major players in the worldRead MoreThe Next Economic Crisis : War And Terrorism1578 Words   |  7 PagesEconomic Crisis: War and Terrorism War Finance â€Å"the fiscal and monetary methods that are used in meeting the costs of war† (www.britannica.com). There are 4 ways that the government can finance the war: taxation, borrowing, printing, and/ or increasing the currency source by making new money (Capella 22-24). How the government finance the war depends on the President and the Congress seated during the time of war. They decide accordingly by looking at the political and economical effects of their actionsRead MoreTerrorism Is Truly A Multidisciplinary Endeavor1749 Words   |  7 Pagesbeen dedicated to the investigation of terrorism, yet academic examination of the subject has really been dynamic for quite a few years. With this expanded center, perplexity has emerged with regard to the extremely significance of terrorism. Also, there are contending hypotheses as to the circumstances and end results of terrorism, with commitments originating from financial analysts, sociologists, clinicians, and political researchers.The study of terrorism is truly a multidisciplinary endeavorRead MoreMilitary Strategy and Planning1649 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Part 1 Military theory after World War II drastically changed for two major reasons: the dropping of Atomic weapons on Japan and what would become known as the Cold War between the USSR and the West. Foreign policy, which became military policy, starting in 1947 is known as the Truman Doctrine. This began with U.S. support of Greece and Turkey with economic and military aid to prevent those countries from falling under Soviet influence. The policy was written as a response to the events that tookRead MoreThe And Refugee Writing Assignment1432 Words   |  6 PagesAssignment In 1945, humanity had a defining moment. The Nazi Era had ended, yet 71 years later the reign of Adolf Hitler still continues to have an effect on our society. Approximately 6 million Jewish people were killed during the Holocaust, which is the largest genocide in history. Today, we face a similar situation. In Syria, there is a civil war which has taken over 200,000 lives and left over 2,000,000 people displaced. The crisis directly relates to upholding human rights and the impact fearRead MoreEffects of War on Children: Comparing Experiences of Children During the Holocaust and Children Affected by the War on Terrorism1746 Words   |  7 PagesJohn Paul II once said â€Å"We wish to remember. But we wish to remember for a purpose, namely to ensure that never again will evil prevail, as it did for the millions of innocent victims of Nazism.† (Paul, 2000) This speech goes with all wars that occurred in the past and present. This synopsis will focus on the effects of war on children and the different ways they survived through it. It will compare the children of the Holocaust and the children of the war on terrorism. War has a great effect on childrenRead MoreSecurity Background And Threats Of Terrorism Essay1374 Words   |  6 PagesOne. Security background and threats of terrorism Since the beginning of a 21st century, an international security environment has been proved to be more volatile, unpredictable, complex and ambiguity with their challenging effects in various ways. Thus, those challenging situations take into particular considerations when combating terrorism throughout the national security strategy. The civil war, sectarian spillovers of crises, state catastrophe in central Africa and the Middle East will likelyRead MoreDomestic Terrorism Is America s Greatest Threat : Mass Shootings And Hate Crimes1389 Words   |  6 PagesDomestic Terrorism is America s Greatest Threat: Mass Shootings and Hate Crimes I. Introduction The United States has been in a national state of emergency fighting a war on terrorism since September 11, 2001. The intelligence communities have pursued and tracked down terrorist suspects who pose a direct threat to this country, yet one of the greatest threat to this country is the astronomical number of mass shootings and hate crimes that have occurred in this country post 9/11. The UnitedRead MoreModernization Reform Aid Programs : A Stronger Powerful And Independent Business Sector1459 Words   |  6 Pages Russia has the ninth largest economy in the world, making it potentially beneficial to the United States to trade with them, and in turn strengthening the relationship between the two countries. However, since the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991, Russia has been working hard to build up their private sectors, and though they have come a far way since then, they still have much to do. Therefore, the US should help Russia to create a more powerful and independent business sector, as well as a stronger

TESCO Logistic and Operations Management Analysis Report

Question: Describe about the purpose of the report is to analyze the logistic and operations management of TESCO? Answer: Introduction: The main purpose of the report is to analyze the logistic and operations management of TESCO, UKs largest retailer of Central Europe. As it is known that TESCO started its operations initially with the supply chain operations and with moderate change it becomes successful in supply chain. After starting its operations in international market there were many problems faced by the company but it constantly maintained its universal brand image. To keep its delivery system consistent in the globe some necessary changes were made in the service operations like its international logistics, international warehouse management etc. Changes were made according to the cultural and legal laws of the across countries. Advanced IT systems are used and this has given an advantage to TESCO over their competitors. New satellite sensing and radio frequency identification (RFID) systems are being developed so that they can easily track their goods both internationally and nationally and also upgrading the usage of warehouse management systems. Component activities of Tesco: Core activities of TESCO are to reflect that at what rate the society is changing in the recent years. The main purpose is not only about profit but it is beyond that. It has a sense that big companies should also contribute in tackling big challenges (Lowe and Wrigley, 2009). In todays world the culture has changed from more is better to making what matters better. The change in society has also marked a change in this company. According to TESCO their main motive is not to solve everyones problem but to inspire, earn trust and to earn loyalty and to do the right things for their shareholders. TESCOs new core purpose is We make what matters better, together (Anwar and Hasnu, 2013). TESCO treat their employees like- By working as a team Trusting and respecting each other. Showing courtesy to their consumers. Listening and supporting each and every consumer. Sharing knowledge with each other. TESCO has three big ambitions which will reflect to the society are- To lead in reducing wastage of food globally. Improving health conditions and tackling the crisis of global obesity. Creating new opportunities for the young people of the whole world. In the beginning, the principle of TESCO was "Pile it High, Sell it Cheap. This idea was inspired from the retail format of USA where procurement is done in huge quantity and the cost of those products costs low and this brings better realization of profit for the organization (Woods, 2007).The changes in the macro environment and the increase in competition with the other retail stores and this bring the profit margin low and spoil the brand image. Later under Maclauritn, successor of Cohen, it was decided to bring rudimentary, dramatic and comprehensive changes in the operation of the business and also re- engineering was done to build focus on the successful and methodical supply chain to assist to the new usage of technology (Barnes, 2011). Thus, it can be said that following are the component activities of TESCO related to its core activities: Inbound logistics; Operations; Outbound logistics; and Marketing and sales; Evaluation of performance objectives: Inbound Logistics of TESCO posses the first opportunity in creating value (Hassan and Parvez, 2013). According to the inbound logistics of TESCO, this is the primary distribution and these activities include receiving goods from the suppliers at the warehouse, distribution and internal handling of the stores and lastly placing the goods on the shelves for display (Jacoby, 2012). At every point measures on quality control is ensured so that the customers get true worth of their money no unnecessary costs is attached with them (Sanchez Rodrigues, 2010). Operations procedure is one of the critical and important areas of TESCO where the work is functioned in a smooth way. Mainly the task involves the daily record of the management, display on shelves and the stock management to safeguard the competitive advantages (Fernie and Sparks, 2009). Outbound Logistics involves in delivering products to the customers. TESCO offers benefits to the customers by giving them home delivery. Efforts are also made in improving parking facilities, trolley space and other tangibles to make the customers feel good (Weele, 2010). TESCO has successfully engaged their loyal customers through the club card initiative and also attracting new customers by doing advertisements through newspapers, radio and TV. TESCO has started CSR activities and presenting them as a responsible company in the customers eyes (Jin and Yang, 2011). Internal and external factors influencing the Organisation performance objectives TESCO follows the intermodal transport policy and uses rail, road and canal for transportation of national distribution of goods. It maintains a model where a central warehouse is maintained and through them goods is sent to the local stores. In case there is a fault in the inventory then the warehouse is informed and then the stocks are dispatched (Tao, 2013). In case of international operations, there should be standardization for their suppliers at an international level. A hub can be implemented. For cheaper rate in transportation the warehouses should be located near the sea shore. Depending on the labor and commercial laws the choice of the docks should be done. After seeing the final location of all the stores then a central warehouse can be maintained. An extended hub can be maintained as the goods are transferred from docks to the central warehouse then finally to the stores. Performance objective 1: Speed One of the vital goals of TESCO PLC is its performance in its operation. The main aim of Tesco Plc is to give their consumer, the highest level of satisfaction. The speed of Tesco Plc in its operation is the time taken by the company to deliver the product to its customer after getting the request of any product from their customer. This causes a good relationship between the customer and the Retailer Company and force the consumer to trade more from the retailer company. In the recent years TESCO is operating both the local and worldwide sources. There is a continuous change in the operation and distribution strategy and it can be divided into four major phases. 1. In the initial years there was the system of direct delivery to the stores from the suppliers. 2. Then it got changed into centralized system in late 1970s.3. In late 1980s there was the strategy changed into composite distribution.4. In late 1990s, in the supply chain there was a vertical collaboration (Palmer, 2004). Under the vertical collaboration strategy the emphasis was to streamline the processes of supply chain with the technologies and sharing information through the supply chain to build a successful and methodical supply chain(Hicks, 2010).In 1997, the sharing of informations with the suppliers was started and later data securing and exchanging was also done through internet and also to supply the informations to the suppliers on current inventory matters is done easily(Fleming and Konstantaras, 2014). Performance objective 2: Quality Tesco Plc is always concern with the quality of the product. If the quality of product satisfies the customer then the customer will trade more from the retailer company. This will help the retailer company to earn more profit and will help them to have a good relationship between the retailer shop and the customer of the retailer shop. With the aims of maintaining the quality aspect, in 1999, Continuous Replenishment was introduced for the first time and the batch data processing was replaced by CR and then numerous orders are sent to suppliers and therefore reducing the stock for better control of the inventory (Lin, Luo and Tang, 2014). As per the suppliers requirements the products are sent to them through central batch processing unit and the same thing is done by the suppliers that they arrange their orders according to batch orders and are sent them at the TESCO warehouse(Priem and Swink, 2012). Performance objective 3: Flexibility Flexibility is one of the important performance goals of Tesco Plc. If a company has flexibility in its operations then the retailer shop will have a good relationship between the consumers of Tesco Plc and the Tesco Plc Company. This factor will attract more consumers towards them and the retailer shop will earn more profit from the business. The flexibility of a company shows the internal issues of the shop. If the shop is flexible enough then the company will have more efficient in overall performance of the retailer shop. In UK retail market TESCO holds an authoritative position with 13% share. Their focus is now to grow the food share and also increase their hypermarkets space contribution (Anyesha, Hassan and Aboki, 2014).TESCO is standing at the optimum level of supply chain management and its logistic operations it has created a standard for the customers (Cohen, 2011).Stocks are checked on everyday basis and based on the records orders are centrally processed. Schedules on production plans are made and the same is transported from warehouse to the department store after getting the nod from the warehouse in charge (Rodrigue, 2012). Performance objective 4: Cost Another goal of Tesco Plc in their performance is cost. The Tesco Plc Company has a good flexibility, speed and quality in their business performance then the retailer shop can increase their product cost and the consumer of Tesco Plc will be ready to pay the hike price to the retailer shop. To make quality of the product better, the retailer shop will require financing more in their business. Performance objective 5: Dependability The phrase dependability means the capability of the retailer shop to serve a better quality product and the delivery time should be the same by the retailer shop. This process will reflect the dependability factor of the retailer shop. The dependability factor will help the Tesco Plc to generate more revenues for Tesco Plc. With the help of dependability factor, the manager of the Tesco Plc can find out the measurement of the performance of the Tesco Plc. By 2003, TESCO has successfully started functioning in countries like Thailand, Ireland, Hungary, South Korea, Poland etc. Working in overseas was a difficult task for TESCO but as they managed their supply chain in UK like that only they started their operations in overseas but they have changed their procurement strategy. Both local and global strategies had been adopted by TESCO. It is utilizing the local resources and talent to maintain the global brand image consistently. Through rail and road the local operations and distributions is done and for global purpose transportation through sea is done. Information technology has been enabled in TESCO to maximize the supply chain value globally and the supply chain activities is optimized as well (ELANGO, 2005). Ways in which the performance could be improved As Tesco works in both global and local areas, there challenge in managing the transportation for the distribution of goods at new places keeping the quality intact keeping in mind the brand image of TESCO (Emmerson, 2012). Lot of risks is associated with the international transportation and logistics, like: Easily they can lose controls from operations and movements. There can be delay in delivering and receiving goods. In overseas countries there can be conflict regarding their customs and culture. Movements of goods can get hampered easily if they lack in infrastructure. Therefore, they need to incorporate following options to enhance the performance: Transportation through rail As railway is there in almost all over the world so transportation of goods has been easy within low price and the goods can be delivered to the destination within time. But in rail there are limitations also due its inflexible service and slow speed. Transportation through sea Due to the geographical expansion transport of goods though sea is cost effective and the service is quick and easily available but delay can take place if there is infrastructure from where the goods be get loaded and unloaded. Through sea transport international sourcing is done from standard suppliers and the products are shipped to new locations. For tracking and finding the shipments RFID technologies are implemented. For better margins utilization of natural and human resources are used. Numerous amounts of deliveries are done so that there is no out of supply products. Transportation through road Road transport is speedy and a regular service but also an expensive mode. But through road it can connect almost all over the intercontinental countries. For a world Class Company like TESCO information technology is one of the most important factors. Through information technologies the capacity and mastery of the competitors is easily known. It is used for their own benefit also by doing their branding, planning and forecasting through IT. Through IT they can track their products which they are delivering and also their products which are coming from their suppliers. IT helps the organization in keeping the time track and managing the inventory of stocks of each level of supply chain management. IT helps in free flowing of information cross functionally. Global depot management system helps in supplying buffer between supply and demand taking into the fact that TESCO delivers products globally. For reliability of stocks an international fleet management system can be developed and it will be maintaining the scheduling, tracking and maintenance of the vehicles. The use of strong IT framework and updated software services has helped TESCO in finding the usage of the customers and also helped in building a strong base of loyal customers. This has helped in exact demand forecasting, scheduling in efficient production and low inventory levels. Conclusion In this report the critical assessment of supply that they y chain operation and the international logistics and up gradation of IT has been done so the delivery of service is maintained consistently. The legal and the overseas culture need to be adopted by TESCO and for that they need to monitor and control the mechanisms in tracking cross continent goods and it will help in gaining the profitability by maximizing supply chain. TESCO can succeed both in UK and global market by adopting the international logistics and high scale IT systems. References: Anwar, J. and Hasnu, S. (2013). Ideology, Purpose, Core Values and Leadership: How they influence the Vision of an Organization?.IJLD, 3(3), p.168. Anyesha, A., Hassan, D. and Aboki, H. (2014). The Conquering Strategies of Oligopoly Firms. A review on entry Strategies of Tesco Company Plc in the UK and beyond.IOSR Journal of Business and Management, 16(8), pp.06-15. Barnes, R. (2011). The great Tesco beauty gamble (the Tesco supermarket chains marketing strategy for breaking into the UK beauty services market).Strategic Direction, 27(7). Cohen, N. (2011).Green business. Los Angeles: Sage Publications. ELANGO, B. (2005). The influence of plant characteristics on the entry mode choice of overseas firms.Journal of Operations Management, 23(1), pp.65-79. Emmerson, D. (2012). Delivering London 2012: Transport operations delivery.Proceedings of the ICE - Transport, 165(4), pp.249-255. Fernie, J. and Sparks, L. (2009).Logistics retail management. London: Kogan Page Ltd. Fleming, P. and Konstantaras, I. (2014). International Journal of Systems Science: Operations Logistics.International Journal of Systems Science: Operations Logistics, 1(1), pp.1-2. Hassan, A. and Parvez, M. (2013). A Comparative Case Study Investigating the Adoption of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) The Case of Tesco and Sainsbury's.IJMVSC, 4(1), pp.1-10. Hicks, C. (2010). Tesco backs minimum price for alcohol to curb excessive drinking.BMJ, 340(may24 2), pp.c2789-c2789. Jacoby, D. (2012).Guide to Supply Chain Management. Princeton: Wiley. Jin, Z. and Yang, X. (2011). The Research on International Supply Chain Management.Contemporary Logistics, pp.81-86. Lin, K., Luo, Y. and Tang, G. (2014). Optimization of Logistics Strategies for Long-Duration Space-Station Operation.Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets, 51(5), pp.1709-1720. Lowe, M. and Wrigley, N. (2009). Innovation in retail internationalisation: Tesco in the USA.The International Review of Retail, Distribution and Consumer Research, 19(4), pp.331-347. Palmer, M. (2004). International Retail Restructuring and Divestment: The Experience of Tesco.Journal of Marketing Management, 20(9-10), pp.1075-1105. Plimmer, G. (2010). Scoring points: How Tesco continues to win customer loyalty.Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management, 9(4), pp.377-378. Priem, R. and Swink, M. (2012). A Demand-side Perspective on Supply Chain Management.J Supply Chain Manag, 48(2), pp.7-13. Rodrigue, J. (2012). The Geography of Global Supply Chains: Evidence from Third-Party Logistics.J Supply Chain Manag, 48(3), pp.15-23. Sanchez Rodrigues, V. (2010). Evaluating the causes of uncertainty in logistics operations.The International Journal of Logistics Management, 21(1), pp.45-64. Tao, C. (2013). A Web-Based GIS-T Data Warehouse System for Value-Added Applications.International Journal of Innovation, Management and Technology. Wal Mart, Tesco and Carrefour do battle in the East. (2008).Strategic Direction, 24(2), pp.5-7. Weele, A. (2010).Purchasing supply chain management. Andover: Cengage Learning. Woods, M. (2007). Linking risk management to strategic controls: a case study of Tesco plc.International Journal of Risk Assessment and Management, 7(8), p.1074. Xie, Y. and Allen, C. (2013). Information technologies in retail supply chains: a comparison of Tesco and Asda.IJBPSCM, 5(1), p.46.

Strategic Management Project Emirates Airlines

Executive Summary Emirates Airlines is one of the most profitable and rapidly developing airlines in the world. It is the part of the Emirates Group and headquartered in Dubai, the United Arab Emirates. The airline company develops according to norms and tendencies of the local and global aviation industry and markets.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Strategic Management Project: Emirates Airlines specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More At the macro-environment level, operations and the strategic development of Emirates are most influenced by political, economic, and technological forces. To guarantee the effective long-term performance, Emirates needs to address the increasing competition within the market and the negative impacts of political and economic factors. In spite of using the successful strategy that is oriented to increasing the brand loyalty and quality of services, Emirates can face problems in the futur e associated with the lack of the appropriate diversification strategy. In this context, it is necessary to propose Emirates to focus more on adapting to market trends in terms of planning to address the larger group of customers. The competition in the industry increases and recommendations for Emirates should also include the market expansion. This approach will lead to improving the policies regarding customer services and to appearing the budget routes for travelers from different countries. These recommendations are important to contribute to enhancing the company’s long-term performance. Introduction Emirates Airlines is one of the rapidly developing airline companies in the world. The aviation industry suffers from a range of political and economic obstacles and challenges today, and much attention should be paid to the strategy followed by Emirates to compete in the market. The purpose of this report is to provide the results of the Emirates strategic case analysis wi th the focus on the PESTLE analysis, the Five Forces analysis, the SWOT analysis, and the Stakeholder analysis. The report also aims to identify the potential problems in the strategic development of Emirates and propose recommendations to improve the future performance. Description of the Emirates Emirates Airlines is the part of the Emirates Group headquartered in Dubai, the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The airline began to operate in the 1980s, and it is the ownership of the government of Dubai. Today, Emirates provides its services in more than 70 countries all over the globe, and its staff is more than 55,000 employees (â€Å"Emirates Home† par. 2).Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The company has one of the largest fleets in the industry, and it focuses on applying the latest technologies to its development. In addition, during several years, Emirates realizes th e strategy oriented to buying more aircrafts and expanding the fleet. It is possible to speak about more than 6 million of loyal customers using services of the company (Nataraja and Al-Aali 472). Therefore, Emirates is the leading airline in the Gulf region and the Middle Eastern region. The success and profitability of the company depend on the effective policies adopted by the Dubai government and on the provided financial support for the company. As a result, Emirates operates in the context of the â€Å"open skies† policy promoted by the government of Dubai, and its commercial potential is constantly increasing (Oxford Business Group 28). The company’s vision is based on the idea that customers need to receive high-quality services, and much attention should be paid to gaining the customer loyalty and developing the positive relationship with the community. The PESTLE Analysis and Macro-Environment Levels In order to evaluate the strategic management of Emirates, it is necessary to analyze macro-environmental factors that influence the development of the business focusing on political, economic, social, technological, legal, and environmental forces. Political Forces Despite the fact that the current political situation in the Middle Eastern region is discussed as unstable, these political forces have the limited effect on the progress of Emirates. During the decade, the company operated with references to the business and political agreements of the UAE with the countries of the Gulf region, the Asia-Pacific region, and the Western countries (Nataraja and Al-Aali 473). The active political cooperation of the UAE with the countries from the mentioned regions contributed significantly to the development of the aviation sector. However, today trade opportunities for airlines are rather limited because different nations all over the globe changed their courses regarding relations within the aviation sector due to the complicated political situa tion. Therefore, depending on the political situation in the region, Emirates had to change their business course, review activities according to recent trends in the open skies policy, and refer to the support of the Government of Dubai (â€Å"Emirates Home† par. 3).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Strategic Management Project: Emirates Airlines specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Economic Forces The UAE are discussed among the most rapidly developing countries in the Middle Eastern region. The economic potential of the whole country increases, as well as the income of the state’s citizens. As a result, more people choose Emirates to fly in the country, and they also use the air transportation for flights to the USA, the European countries, and to the Western countries (The Emirates Group 4). The recent financial crisis caused by the political situation affected economies of developed and developing countries and the airline industry. However, Emirates tries to keep leading positions in the country and region while changing the marketing strategies and orienting to other consumer categories. Social Forces Emirates focuses on attracting multicultural employees in order to address needs and interests of all consumers. As a result, the issue of diversity is important for the company. In addition, the social situation in the UAE allows recruiting employees at comparably lower costs than it is in developed countries. The flow of migrants in the UAE is high, and the job in Emirates is discussed as one of the most attractive ones. As a result, the company allows hiring employees with diverse backgrounds and spends more attention to spending resources on their training rather than compensation (Nataraja and Al-Aali 474). However, the level of benefits remains to be high in the region and corresponding with the social policies in the UAE. Technological Forces Emirates pays much attenti on to using technological innovations in the industry for improving the quality of customer services. Therefore, the company actively uses the latest innovations in the field, and the focus is on new technologies to support operations of the company globally. The large technological base is important for Emirates because the company operates in many countries, and services in all regions need to be provided in time and in the most efficient manner (Oxford Business Group 32). As a result, the technological platform is expected to be developed, and the company’s leaders pay much attention to recent researches in the field and invest in the most promising technologies. Legal Forces Current legal policies and norms regarding operations of the airline industry in the UAE can be viewed as supporting the further growth of Emirates. The reason is that authorities reviewed their approaches to legal norms, tax policies, and laws regarding the operations in the industries supported by t he government (â€Å"Emirates Home† par. 22). The positive consequences of this process are the creation of the more open airline industry and more possibilities for increasing the competitive advantage globally.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Environmental Forces The UAE policies regarding the protection of the environment are rather strict, and Emirates is one of those companies that concentrates on the development of effective and working sustainable programs. Emirates regularly launch the environmental projects and participate in the governmental programs oriented to protecting natural resources in the country (â€Å"Emirates Home† par. 23). Environmental laws also influenced policies of Emirates regarding the waste management and decreases in the water and energy consumption. The Five Forces Analysis The Porter’s Fiver Forces analysis is important to study how specific features of the industry’s development can be used to increase the competitive advantage of Emirates. Threats of New Entrants Emirates operates in the airline industry while proposing the high-quality and even luxury services. The threat of new entrants in this industry is minimal because of the necessity to have significant capita ls, propose differentiated services, and gain the customer loyalty within the short terms. As a result, new entrants can compete only in the sector while providing low-cost services and flights. Bargaining Power of Supplier’s The impact of suppliers in the industry is high because changes in suppliers’ prices and propositions influence the quality and costs of provided airline services directly. The main suppliers in this context are aircraft producers (Davahran and Yazdanifard 3). The costs associated with buying new aircrafts for the fleet are rather high for Emirates today. Bargaining Power of Buyers The impact of buyers on the industry development is also high because Emirates is directly oriented to satisfying needs and expectations of their customers. Changes in clients’ interests and attitudes influence the progress of the business because today more passengers choose low-cost services, and they are focused on discounts (Rahman, Azad, and Mostari 24). The customers also use advantages of the highly competitive market. Threats of a Substitute Products or Services High prices for tickets make customers choose the alternative variants of transportation. In spite of the fact that the threat of substitutes in the airline industry is rather low, it is high while discussing Emirates as the global company proposing the transportation services (Nataraja and Al-Aali 474). In this context, passengers often choose cheaper services while planning their business or holidays trips. Rivalry amongst Existing Firms The level of competition in the airline industry among the market leaders is high, especially with references to concrete regions. Customers can choose among different services proposed by a number of companies in the industry (Oxford Business Group 54). Therefore, the rivalry is intense in the UAE, among the airlines of the Gulf region, and in the Middle Eastern region. The SWOT Analysis The SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) analysis is important to demonstrate what internal factors can influence the strategic development of the company. Strengths Emirates is the largest airline in the UAE that operates in more than 70 countries all over the globe. One of the main strengths of the company is the support of the government that resulted in many trade agreements for the company abroad. Thus, today Emirates is the widely known brand that has a feature of adapting to the market needs. The brand is popular because of the company’s strategy to propose customers the high-quality services based on the work of the latest technology and skilled staff (The Emirates Group 8). The company refers to the development of the technological base using the most innovative fleet and infrastructure or supporting services; to the development of the diverse human resource base; to the strategic use of finances; and to the improvement of the brand recognition. Weaknesses The weaknesses in the strategy of Emirate s are associated with the high reliance on the economic situation as the external factor and on changes in financial and oil markets. The current financial situation in the region also affected the progress of the company, and it had to review its industry for the following fiscal year. In this context, Emirates depends not only on the changes in the national economy but also on changes in the global markets and aviation industry (Rahman, Azad, and Mostari 25). One more weakness is the limited application of the diversification strategy. The company does not serve needs of middle-class passengers while reducing the number of potential customers. Opportunities Emirates can develop and increase its competitiveness while focusing on entering low-cost markets, targeting middle-class passengers, and expanding services in the larger number of countries. In addition, strategic opportunities are also associated with using more advanced technologies in order to compete effectively in the glo bal aviation market. The company can benefit while concentrating more on the liberalization of its main strategy to address the needs of new markets. At the current stage, the company serves interests of high-income customers, but it is possible to pay more attention to the diversification and enter new markets while addressing expectations of new categories of passengers (Nataraja, and Al-Aali 480). This approach will allow widening the overall scope of services provided and the business’s impact in the world. Threats The main threats for the further strategic development of Emirates are the progress of the rival companies in the air transportation or aviation industry; the changes in the fuel prices influencing the economy of the UAE; and the worsening of the current political and economic crises globally influencing the buying capacity of customers. Rivals of Emirates such as Gulf Air Company and Qatar Airways Group are also oriented to expanding markets, and the competiti on within the airline industry increases. More problems can be associated with the political, economic, and financial crises because any changes in oil prices affect the development of the business (Rahman, Azad, and Mostari 25). In addition, the unstable political situation can lead to appearing more obstacles for the development of the airline business oriented to high-income persons (Fig. 1). Strengths Governmental support Wide market Global brand recognition Effective differentiation strategy High-quality services Use of innovations Weaknesses Dependence on changes in the oil and financial markets Lack of the improved diversification strategy Exclusion of budget passengers Opportunities Entering low-cost markets Middle-class passengers Market expansion Diversification Innovation Threats Increased competition Political changes Changes in oil prices Figure 1. SWOT Analysis. Stakeholder Analysis Stakeholders in the airline industry are numerous. For Emirates, the main stake holders include the government, customers, suppliers, services providers, prospective customers, the press, the public, and the community. The level of these stakeholders’ impact on the strategic progress of Emirates is different. The most influential are stakeholders that need to be managed closely because their levels of the power and interest are high. These stakeholders for Emirates are customers because their interests and satisfaction are the highest priority for the company. The other influential group of stakeholders is those ones who also need to be kept satisfied, but their level of interest is lower in contrast to the power level. These stakeholders are suppliers. The power of the government is also comparably high, and the authorities’ interest in the progress and strategies of Emirates is also high. Therefore, the government of Dubai and the UAE authorities need to be not only regularly informed on the progress of the airline industry but also be kept sati sfied (â€Å"Emirates Home† par. 14). The service providers, including airports, also belong to this group of stakeholders in relation to Emirates. The group of stakeholders that needs to be kept informed includes the prospective customers, the public, and the community because the increase in the brand recognition and the customer loyalty will directly lead to the increases in the number of passengers. The less influential group includes the press (â€Å"Emirates Home† par. 15). Although the public activities of Emirates are high, the company does not pay much attention to communicating with the press while choosing the other media to promote its services (Fig. 2). Figure 2. Stakeholder Analysis. Blocks of the Competitive Advantage The competitive advantage in Emirates is based on traditional four blocks: Efficiency Efficiency is guaranteed through following developed recruitment and compensation policies oriented to decreasing labor costs. Another approach is the im provement of employee productivity with the help of enhanced training sessions. Quality The constant improvement of the provided services’ quality is a priority for Emirates. Much attention is paid to training the personnel and to guaranteeing the safety of clients during flights (Nataraja and Al-Aali 476). Innovation The innovation is another factor to explain the popularity of Emirates. The company follows the strategy of a pioneer in providing services while addressing individual needs of clients and improving the technological platform. Clients have opportunities to use private suites and entertainment systems on board. Thus, 60% of the company’s costs are associated with investing into the research and development department (The Emirates Group 4). Customer Responsiveness The customer loyalty depends on the fact that Emirates provides the most customer-friendly services in the industry with the high responsiveness while allowing easy check-ins and other advantages of the e-ticketing system and comfortable lounges (The Emirates Group 3). The customers associate Emirates with the high-class services, safety, innovation, and comfort. Emirates Competencies Emirates have many distinctive competencies, and their progress depends on providing the luxury services globally. The additional advantage is the high-skilled international personnel. Moreover, the company uses only the latest technologies to address the customers’ expectations (Nataraja and Al-Aali 476). Finally, the focus is on providing distinctive VIP services. Emirates Differentiation Strategy The company remains to be the marketing leader in the industry while applying the differentiation strategy and providing the high-class luxury services for the VIP clients and wider population (â€Å"Emirates Home† par. 16). The company differentiates in the market developing the close relations with suppliers of aircrafts, including Boeing, and it is concentrated on building the high -quality infrastructure while investing in airports and additional services. Strategic Alliances Emirates does not participate in airline alliances at the global level because of the specifics of their strategy. The airline develops the competitive advantage focusing on the independent positioning in the market to prevent the dependence on the alliance partners (â€Å"Emirates Home† par. 18). Global Course Emirates serves the needs of the market not only nationally but also globally. The company further develops the course for expanding the markets. At the current stage, the main focus is on entering the regional markets covered by the North American companies (The Emirates Group 5). Potential Problems In spite of the fact that the current strategy of Emirates is effective and leading to the company’s success, it is important to identify the potential problems in the strategic development of the business. The main problem is the possible inappropriateness of the curren t management and marketing strategies to address the needs of customers in the rapidly changing political and economic environments. Although the strategies followed by the company today are rather efficient, the problem is in the fact that the airline industry and market can face significant challenges in the future if the economic crisis in the Middle Eastern and Western countries develops. In this context, more attention should be paid to the formulation of the effective adaptation strategy to enter more markets and to compete with rivals effectively (Davahran and Yazdanifard 3). The other problem is the considerable dependence on the government’s support and oil prices in the global market. If the significant fluctuations in the oil prices and changes in the financial markets are expected, the aviation industry in the UAE is at risk of having high losses because the currently followed strategy is oriented to the context of the rapidly developing economy. Recommendations f or Improving the Long-Term Performance Having analyzed the strategic growth of Emirates with the focus on the external environment and on internal forces, it is possible to propose certain recommendations for the company to address the potential problems in the future. The first recommendation is to revise the differentiation strategy and pay more attention to the diversification strategy in order to make the company’s approach more adaptable to the changes in the airline industry and markets. At the current stage, Emirates focuses on serving the high-income passengers, but the discussion of the other group of perspective middle-income customers is also important. This approach will be efficient and provide positive outcomes while being connected with the approach of decreasing overall operational costs. The other recommendation is associated with the necessity to address the increasing competition in the industry. The rivals in the airline industry market are active, and Emi rates need to focus on expanding their services and selecting more routes because such approach guarantees the stable leading positions in the market. Emirates needs to determine what new travel routes can be discussed as most beneficial for them in order to attract more customers as representatives of different income groups. In this context, the effective implementation of the diversification strategy should be supported by the company’s global expansion. These recommendations can be discussed as effective to contribute to the improvement of the company’s long-term performance. Conclusion Emirates remains to be one of the most successful airlines in the Middle East. In addition, the company works to improve the global brand recognition. At the current stage, the company is able to adapt the strategy to the influential external factors, but the problem is in the fact that more approaches can be necessary for the future. From this point, it is important to provide reco mmendations for Emirates regarding the improvement of the strategic development in the long-term perspective. Works Cited Davahran, Ngaveena, and Rashad Yazdanifard. â€Å"The Importance of Managing Customer Service, Safety Quality and Benchmarking of Airports and Airlines to Enhance the Performance and Customer Loyalty.† Global Journal of Management and Business Research 14.4 (2014): 1-9. Print. Emirates Home. 2015. Web. https://www.emirates.com/english/. Nataraja, Sundaram, and Abdulrahman Al-Aali. â€Å"The Exceptional Performance Strategies of Emirate Airlines.† Competitiveness Review: An International Business Journal 21.5 (2011): 471-486. Print. Oxford Business Group. The Report: Dubai 2014. London: Oxford Business Group Publishing, 2014. Print. Rahman, Khadiza, Sumi Azad, and Sabnam Mostari. â€Å"A Competitive Analysis of Airline Industry: A Case Study on Biman Bangladesh Airlines.† Journal of Business and Management 17.4 (2015): 23-33. Print. The Emirat es Group. Emirates Airline Overview. 2010. PDF file. 10 Oct. 2015. http://www.theemiratesgroup.com/english/images/04_EK_Overview_tcm409-560539.pdf. This report on Strategic Management Project: Emirates Airlines was written and submitted by user Demetrius Huff to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.